“Equus Martialis” – Roman Bronze Horse Figurine (1st C. BC – 2nd C. AD)

This exceptional Roman bronze statuette, “Equus Martialis,” dates to the late Republic or early Imperial period (ca. 1st century BC to 2nd century AD). Expertly cast in solid bronze, the piece stands 4.5 cm high and 3.7 cm wide, displaying a rich mottled green and dark patina from centuries of burial. The horse stands proudly atop a rectangular base adorned with distinctive dot and incised patterns, a detail characteristic of Western Roman provincial craftsmanship.

Material: Bronze
Date: Roman, 1st century BC – 2nd century AD
Dimensions: 4.5 cm height, 3.7 cm width
Condition: Excellent ancient patina, well-preserved with crisp details and no major losses
Provenance: Private Belgian collection, acquired in the 1960s
Unique Identifier: S-R-01-B

Description & Iconography:
The horse is rendered in a naturalistic yet stylized manner, capturing both the muscular grace and symbolic presence prized in Roman art. The sturdy stance and raised head evoke themes of strength and nobility. The decorated rectangular base—punched and engraved with dot motifs—highlights the artistry of provincial Roman bronzes and is an indicator of status and care in the piece’s production.

Function & Cultural Significance:
Bronze horse figurines were beloved across the Roman world, functioning as votive offerings in temples (often to Mars, god of war), domestic decorations in wealthy households, or, less commonly, as grave goods. For Romans, the horse was a potent symbol of power, military prowess, mobility, and elite status. The presence of such a piece in a collection would signal refined taste and an appreciation for Roman values and artistry.

Comparative Examples:
Similar examples are found in Roman Britain, Gaul, and Italy—most notably at Lullingstone temple and among the Pompeii votive bronzes. The unique decorated base connects this example to the Western provinces, and such detail is rarely encountered in pieces of this size and preservation.

Restoration and Authenticity:
Offered in untouched, original condition, with a stable, even patina and authentic surface encrustation from centuries underground. No modern repairs or over-cleaning—this piece retains its full archaeological character. Certificate of Authenticity included.

Historical Context:
In Roman religion and society, animal figurines were not mere toys—they embodied prayers, victories, and the aspirational qualities of the empire. This horse, possibly offered in thanks or displayed in a domus, represents the enduring connection between Romans, their gods, and their daily lives.